Metals are materials holding or possessing the characteristics of being shiny, hard, fusible, malleable, ductile, etc. Few examples of metals (materials)  are – Gold, Silver, Aluminium, Copper, Iron, etc. 

Non – metals are materials not holding the characteristics of metals, means they are not shiny, hard, fusible, malleable, ductile, etc. Many materials like coal and Sulphur are very soft and dull in appearance. They break down into very fine thin powdery mass on tapping with the hammer. They are neither in – sonorous and also are a very poor conductor of heat and electricity.  Few examples of non – metals are carbon, oxygen, Sulphur, etc.

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Materials which are hard, lustrous, malleable, ductile, sonorous and good conductors of heat and electricity. are called metals. The examples of metals are iron, copper, aluminium, calcium, magnesium, etc

Substances which are soft and dull, i.e., non-lustrous, non-sonorous, non-ductile, non-malleable and poor conductor of heat and electricity are called non-metals. For example, oxygen, hydrogen, sulphur, etc

Metals are defined as elements that have one, two, or three electrons in their valence shell. Non-metals are elements containing 4, 5, 6, or 7 electrons in their outermost shell.

Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity, Non-metals are bad conductors of heat and electricity. 

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All the elements discovered till now are classified on the basis of their properties into three groups mainly -

Metals, non metals and metalloids.

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Metals are generally solid at room temperature, sonorous, malleable, ductile, lustrous, and have high melting and boiling point.

Non metals are generally, gas or liquid at room temperature, non ductile, have dull surface and low melting and boiling point.

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